Child development refers to how a child becomes able to do more complex things as they get older. Development is different than growth. Growth only refers to the child getting bigger in size.
Gross motor development refers to how a child begin to use large groups of muscles to sit, stand, walk, run, etc., keeping balance, and changing positions.
The First Month
- During the first month of life most of a baby’s behavior is reflexive, meaning that his/her reactions are automatic.
- Moves head side to side.
- When held upright, holds head erect and steady.
- Lifts shoulder while prone.
- Supports upper body with arms when lying on stomach
- Stretches legs out and kicks when lying on stomach or back
- Opens and shuts hands
- Lifts up on hands.
- Rolls front to back.
- If pulled to sit from supine , no head lag.
7th Month
- Rolls both ways (front to back, back to front)
- Sits with, and then without, support of his/her hands.
- Pulls to stand
- Gets into sitting position.
- Crawls forward on belly by pulling with arms and pushing with legs
- Assumes hands-and-knees position
- Creeps on hands and knees supporting trunk on hands and knees
- Gets from sitting to crawling or prone (lying on stomach) position
- Pulls self up to stand
- Walks holding on to furniture
- Stands momentarily without support
- May walk two or three steps without support.
- Can walk alone.
- Begins to jump with both feet.
- Can kick a ball.
- Begins to run.
- Walks up and downstairs.
- Can stand on tiptoe.
- Walks steps alternating feet.
- Can take a broad jump
- Goes up stairs 1-foot per step and downstairs 2 feet per step.
- Balances well on each foot.
- Hops on one foot.
- Can go downstairs with one foot per step.
- Skips
- Heal to toe walks.
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